L-carnitine supplementation in breeding pigeons: impact on zootechnical performance and carnitine metabolism

Free Access

Issue		Reprod. Nutr. Dev. Volume 40, Number 6, November-December 2000


Page(s)		535 - 548
DOI		https://doi.org/10.1051/rnd:2000135

References

1: Barker D.L., Sell J.L., Dietary carnitine did not influence performance and carcass composition of broiler chickens and young turkeys fed low- or high-fat diets, Poult. Sci. 73 (1994) 281-287.
2: Bharathi L., Shenoy K.B., Mojamdar M., Hegde S.N., In vitro growth-stimulatory property of pigeon milk, Biochem. Cell. Biol. 71 (1993) 303-307.
3: Borum P.R., Possible carnitine requirement of the newborn and the effect of genetic disease on the carnitine requirement, Nutr. Rev. 39 (1981) 385-390.
4: Bremer J., Carnitine - metabolism and functions, Physiol. rev. 63 (1983) 1420-1480.
5: Cederblad G., Svenningsen N., Plasma carnitine and breast milk carnitine intake in premature infants, J. Pediatr. Gastroenterol. Nutr. 5 (1986) 616-621.
6: Chiodi P., Ciani B., Kentroti S., Maccari F., Vernadakis A., Angelucci L., Ramacci M.T., Carnitine and derivatives in the central nervous system of chick embryo, Int. J. Biochem. 26 (1994) 711-720.
7: de Cock H., Simoens P., Gyselbrecht C., de Geest J.P. Morfologie van de krop en de kropmelk bij de duif (Columba livia domestica) [Morphology of the crop and crop milk in the pigeon (Columba livia domestica)], Vlaams Diergeneesk. Tijdschr. 60 (1991) 94-100.
8: Desmeth M., Vandeputte-Poma J. Lipid composition of pigeon cropmilk. I. Total lipids and lipid classes, Comp. Biochem. Physiol. B 66 (1980) 129-133.
9: Fritz I.B., The effects of muscle extracts on the oxidation of palmitic acid by liver slices and homogenates, Acta Physiol. Scand. 34 (1955) 367-385.
10: Janssens G.P.J., de Rycke H., Hesta M., de Wilde R.O.M., Analysis of carnitine, betaine, $\gamma$ -butyrobetaine, and separate short-chain acylcarnitines in pigeon plasma, crop milk and tissues by HPLC coupled with UV-detection, Biotechnol. Tech. 13 (1999) 231-234.
11: Jin SH, Corless A, Sell J.L., Digestive development in post-hatch poultry, World's Poult. Sci. J. 54 (1998) 335-345.
12: Kirsten W.J., Hesselius G.U., Rapid, automatic, high-capacity Dumas determination of nitrogen, Microchem. J. 28 (1983) 529-547.
13: Larbier M., Leclerq B., Nutrition et Alimentations des Volailles, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Paris, 1992.
14: Littell R.C., Henry P.R., Ammerman C.B., Statistical analysis of repeated measures data using SAS procedures, J. Anim. Sci. 76 (1998) 1216-1231.
15: Lonza, L-Carnitine in Animal Nutrition, Commercial brochure, 1993.
16: Musser R.E., Goodband R.E., Tokach M.D., Owen K.Q., Nelssen J.L., Blum S.A., Campbell R.G., Smits R., Dritz S.S., Civis C.A., Effects of L-carnitine fed during lactation on sow and litter performance, J. Anim. Sci. 77 (1999) 3296-3303.
17: Musser R.E., Goodband R.E., Tokach M.D., Owen K.Q., Nelssen J.L., Blum S.A., Dritz S.S., Civis C.A., Effects of L-carnitine fed during gestation and lactation on sow and litter performance, J. Anim. Sci. 77 (1999) 3289-3295.
18: Neter J., Wasserman W., Kutner M.H., Applied linear statistical models: regression, analysis of variance and experimental designs, Richard D. Irwin, Homewood Boston, 1990.
19: Owen K.Q., Nelssen J.L., Goodband R.D., Weeden T.L., Blum S.A., Effect of L-carnitine and soybean oil on growth performance and body composition of early-weaned pigs, J. Anim. Sci. 74 (1996) 1612-1619.
20: Rebouche C.J., Paulson D.J., Carnitine metabolism and functions in humans Annu. Rev. Nutr. 6 (1986) 41-66.
21: Rinaudo M.T., Curto M., Bruno R., Piccinini M., Marino C., Acid soluble, short chain esterified and free carnitine in the liver, heart, muscle and brain of pre and post hatched chicks, Int. J. Biochem. 23 (1991) 59-96.
22: Shetty S., Jacob R.T., Shennoy K.B., Hegde S.N., Patterns of breeding behaviour in the domestic pigeon, Bird Behaviour 9 (1991) 14-19.
23: Vandeputte-Poma J., Quelques données sur la composition du `` lait de pigeon '', Z. vergleich. Physiol. 58 (1968) 356-363.
24: Vandeputte-Poma J., Feeding, growth and metabolism of the pigeon, Columba livia domestica: duration and role of crop milk feeding, J. Comp. Physiol. 135 (1980) 97-99.
25: Vandeputte-Poma J., van Grembergen G., L'évolution postembryonnaire du poids du pigeon domestique, Z. vergleich. Physiol. 54 (1967) 423-425.
26: Vandeputte-Poma J., Desmeth M., Voeding, groei en metabolisme bij de duif (Columba livia domestica) [Feeding, growth and metabolism of the pigeon (Columba livia domestica)], Vlaams Diergeneeskd. Tijdschr. 47 (1978) 231-235.
27: Vanheel B., Vandeputte-Poma J., Desmeth M., Resorption of yolk lipids by the pigeon embryo, Comp. Biochem. Physiol. A 68 (1981) 641-646.

Abstract